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What are the reasons for the deformation of rubber sealing rings?
Rubber sealing rings are the most common rubber products we see. They have a wide range of uses, a relatively simple production process, and employ many materials. Most of the reasons for the damage of O-rings are not caused by the design of rubber O-rings or pressure. A good design will not cause damage to the O-ring if it only unilaterally increases the pressure. The most fundamental reason is that under the high temperature and pressure of the working environment, O-rings will undergo permanent deformation. When O-rings are pressed into the gap, they will engage. Rubber sealing rings have a typical extrusion deformation sealing effect. During installation, it will generate contact pressure with the sealing surface. When the pressure is greater than that of the sealing medium, a sealing effect will occur; when the pressure is less than that of the sealing medium, leakage will occur. What are the causes of permanent deformation of rubber sealing rings?
Compression and stretching are fundamental factors.
Due to the different formulas of rubber O-rings, the compression and stretching of rubber O-rings produced by different enterprises also vary. Under long-term compression conditions, the product may experience compressive stress relaxation. This phenomenon will gradually expand over time. The longer the time, the smaller the compression and stretching amounts, resulting in leakage caused by insufficient elasticity. O-ring manufacturer, rubber sealing ring manufacturer, rubber gasket manufacturer, fluororubber sealing ring, sealing ring manufacturer, silicone ring
The most direct way to make the change is to increase the cross-sectional dimensions of the product, but this will also lead to an increase in the product's structure.
Temperature is a very important factor.
Temperature is of great significance to the relaxation degree of rubber sealing rings. No matter what kind of rubber material it is, it will accelerate its high-temperature aging speed. The higher the ambient temperature, the greater the compression deformation of the gas. When the product deforms by more than 40%, the O-ring will gradually lose its elasticity and cause leakage. When installing rubber O-rings, there will be initial stress. Due to the long-term relaxation of the sealing ring and the gradual decrease in temperature, the initial stress will gradually disappear. In some cases, it may disappear as the temperature drops sharply. Even if rubber materials are resistant to low temperatures, the stress generated at 20 degrees will not exceed 25%. Therefore, when installing rubber O-rings, the initial stress should be set and the temperature factor in the working environment should be fully considered.
3. Moderate working pressure is the main cause of permanent deformation of rubber sealing rings.
Compared with the above two factors, the medium pressure has a greater impact on the deformation of rubber O-rings, which is the most common situation causing the deformation of rubber O-rings under all working conditions. With the development of modern hydraulic devices, the pressure of hydraulic media is getting greater and greater. The long-term operation of rubber O-rings in this high-pressure environment will cause permanent deformation of the O-rings, which is irreversible. Therefore, different materials should be selected for different working pressures, and rubber materials with relatively high pressure resistance should be chosen. Correspondingly, in order to cope with higher working pressure, the hardening degree of the pressure-resistant material sealing ring will also increase.

For rubber O-rings, deformation means that the airtightness cannot be guaranteed. Although this may not seem like a big problem, it often leads to leakage in the hydraulic system. In severe cases, machine malfunctions may even occur, resulting in property damage or even casualties. How can we prevent O-rings from deforming? First of all, the selection of rubber sealing rings must be done well. Its coefficient of friction must be low and lubrication must be in place. The contact surface must be smooth, free of roughness and stains. During the installation process, it is essential to ensure coaxial installation and that the eccentricity is not too large. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure the rationality of the sealing system and avoid excessive dimensional errors.